What is the logic behind these procedures and what should the patient do to prepare?

Precancerous lesions are usually located in the transformation zone. The transformation zone is the cervical area where oncogenic types of HPV cause squamous cell cancer. Glandular cell cancer is rarer and affects the glandular epithelium that covers the cervical canal on the inside (see Figure).

These procedures do not eradicate HPV virus from the woman’s body.

The procedures treat precancerous lesions and remove or destroy the transformation zone, which is the fertile ground on which the oncogenic virus will cause new lesions. This significantly  reduces the probability of a recurrence of premalignant lesions and cancer.

What should the patient do to prepare before the procedure?

• The possibility of pregnancy must be excluded.
• The patient is examined for any co-existing inflammation. If inflammation (e.g. from chlamydia, etc.) is discovered, she must be treated before the procedure.
• The procedure is scheduled immediately after the end of her menstruation.
• Before the procedure, the patient is informed in detail about the benefits and risks and possible complications and signs a consent form.